LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS

 LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS 

also known as

LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER

Essential Question:  What is  "The Law of Conservation of Mass"?

Learning Objective:  "The Law of Conservation of Mass" states that during a chemical reaction , the total mass of the reactants must be equal to the total mass of the product. 

SWBAT: 

•  Learn the basics of the components of a chemical equation
• Explore how during a chemical reaction the mass of the reactants and products must be equal

ASSIGNMENTS:

CHEMICAL EQUATIONS CLASSWORK QUESTIONS

LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS QUESTIONS

CK-12: LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS ASSIGNMENT

CK-12: LAW OF CONSERVATION OR MASS QUIZ

HMMM... BE READY TO PARTICIPATE

• Imagine an ice cube melting. Which one will weigh more, the ice cube or the water formed after the ice cube has melted?
  • • • • How can you support your idea?
• You are making a nice cup of chocolate with marshmallows... You add the following ingredients:
  
  • • • • 30 grams of powdered chocolate
        • 300 ml (grams) of hot milk
        • 4 marshmallows each with a mass of 5 grams. The marshmallows will melt on contact with he hot milk.
    • What is the final mass of your cup of chocolate (ignore the mass of the cup itself)?
    • If you were to write a "chemical reaction" to represent your cup of milk, it would like something like this:

                    powdered  chocolate + hot milk + marshmallows  a cup of chocolate 

 

                       powdered  chocolate + hot milk + marshmallows  a cup of chocolate 

                                   30 grams             +    300 ml  +          20 grams          350 grams

                     THESE EXAMPLES ILLUSTRATE THE "LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS"

CLASSWORK QUESTION: 5 MINUTES

1. ON A PIECE OF PAPER EXPLAIN THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS USING THE EXAMPLES WE HAVE JUST EXPLORED. YOU WILL NEED TO SUBMIT YOUR ANSWERS ON CANVAS AT THE END OF TODAY.

WEBSITES: 

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/introchem/chapter/the-law-of-conservation-of-mass/

INTRODUCTION KEY POINTS:

The Law of Conservation of Mass

          The Law of Conservation of Mass dates from Antoine Lavoisier's 1789 discovery that mass is neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions. In other words, the mass of any one element at the beginning of a reaction will equal the mass of that element at the end of the reaction. If we account for all reactants and products in a chemical reaction, the total mass will be the same at any point in time in any closed system. Lavoisier's finding laid the foundation for modern chemistry and revolutionized science.

      There are three types of systems: open, closed and isolated. These systems may or may not allow for matter and/or energy to move in and out of the system. The system is the area of interest and the surrounding is the area outside of it.

     QUESTION:  Can you think of what happens to matter and energy in an open system? closed system? isolated system?   

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TFP6SvWPOQc - closed system

           The Law of Conservation of Mass holds true because naturally occurring elements are very stable at the conditions found on the surface of the Earth. 

          Most elements come from fusion reactions found only in stars or supernovae. Therefore, in the everyday world of Earth, from the peak of the highest mountain to the depths of the deepest ocean, atoms are not converted to other elements during chemical reactions. Because of this, individual atoms that make up living and nonliving matter are very old and each atom has a history. 

          An individual atom of a biologically important element, such as carbon, may have spent 65 million years buried as coal before being burned in a power plant, followed by two decades in Earth's atmosphere before being dissolved in the ocean, and then taken up by an algal cell that was consumed by a copepod before being respired and again entering Earth's atmosphere.  The atom itself is neither created nor destroyed but cycles among chemical compounds.

         Ecologists can apply the law of conservation of mass to the analysis of elemental cycles by conducting a mass balance. These analyses are as important to the progress of ecology as Lavoisier's findings were to chemistry.

KEY POINTS:

• The Law of Conservation of Mass states that  matter is neither created nor destroyed by chemical reactions.
  • • • Matter simply gets transformed into a different form
• During a chemical reaction, the mass of the reactants must be equal to the mass of the products.  
  • • • Mass of reactants = Mass of products
      • Chemical Reactions are expressed or represented by Chemical Equations
• A chemical equation is the written representation of a chemical reaction. 
  • • • Similar to following a recipe. You have your ingredients and you have your final product (apple pie, Asian orange chicken, pasta a la marinara...)

CHEMICAL EQUATIONS

• Chemical equations are visual representations of chemical reactions. 
• Chemical equations are like recipes chemists use to create a new product. They provide  written instructions that can be followed easily by those who understand the language of chemistry.
• A recipe provides information and directions that can be followed. The end result will be a delicious dish (If the cook followed all the instructions correctly, of course).
• Just like a cook, a chemist  must follow a "recipe." 

 

 

PARTS OF A CHEMICAL EQUATION

 

 

 

VIDEOS ON CHEMICAL EQUATIONS:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VERCurM8q_E

Sodium (Na) reacting with water

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B3422Zk5tj4   Sodium in water reaction 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M0zVlfybWHE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3VoFkQtg6Wo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7CCzRYSyxGU

 

THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS 

also know as

THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER 

 

MATTER (a very basic introduction)

• As discussed in previous lectures, MATTER is anything that has mass and takes up space.
• Matter is made up of invisible particles called atoms.
• Atoms "get together" with other atoms to form bigger pieces of matter called molecules and compounds. 

• As molecules and compounds "get together" they form bigger and bigger types of matter that start getting visible to us. 
• Matter comes in a variety of shapes, forms and states: 
  • • • solid, liquid and gas states being the most well know to us

 

• Just as with energy,  the particles that make up matter do not get destroyed. They get transformed into different types of matter. 
  • • • The pizza you ate yesterday, is no longer a pizza. However, the atoms, molecules or compounds that were part of that pizza still exist, just in a different form.

 

HOW IS MASS or MATTER CONSERVED DURING CHEMICAL REACTIONS?

• The LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS (or matter) states that during a chemical reaction mass does not get destroyed or lost. Mass is conserved. 
• Mass cannot be created nor destroyed
• Mass gets transformed from one form to another. 
• During a chemical reaction REACTANTS become PRODUCTS. However, the Law of Conservation of Mass states that the mass of the REACTANTS must always be equal to the mass  of the PRODUCTS.  Mass did not get destroyed or disappeared during the chemical process, it simply got transformed into a different from. HOW?
  • • During a chemical reaction the chemical bonds in the reactants break apart and the atoms are free to form new bonds with other atoms which eventually form the products. 
• COEFFICIENTS in a chemical equation are use to balance the equation to  make sure that reactant side has the same type and number of atoms as the product side.

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X7ckfeRjjvI

 

LET'S TAKE A LOOK AT THIS IMAGE AND FIGURE OUT WHAT IT IS ACTUALLY "TELLING YOU"

TAKE NOTES OF THIS DISCUSSION. YOU WILL NEED THEM TO ANSWER THE QUESTIONS ON THE NEXT ASSIGNMENT

QUESTIONS: LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS

1. WHAT ELEMENTS (ATOMS) ARE PRESENT IN THE REACTANT SIDE OF THE CHEMICAL EQUATION?
2. WHAT ELEMENTS (ATOMS) ARE PRESENT IN THE PRODUCT SIDE OF THE CHEMICAL EQUATION?
3. HOW MANY ATOMS OF CARBON ARE IN THE REACTANT SIDE? 
4. HOW MANY ATOMS OF CARBON ARE IN THE PRODUCT SIDE? 
5. HOW MANY ATOMS OF OXYGEN ARE IN THE REACTANT SIDE? 
6. HOW MANY ATOMS OF OXYGEN ARE IN THE PRODUCT SIDE? 
7. HOW MANY ATOMS OF HYDROGEN ARE IN THE REACTANT SIDE? 
8. HOW MANY ATOMS OF HYDROGEN ARE IN THE PRODUCT SIDE? 
9. BASED ON THE INFORMATION BELOW. CALCULATE THE MASS FOR ONE OF THESE ATOMS:
   1. • MASS OF A SINGLE CARBON ATOM:
      • MASS OF A SINGLE OXYGEN ATOM:
      • MASS OF A SINGLE HYDROGEN ATOM:

 

VIDEOS ON MATTER AND CONSERVATION OF MASS
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBTNzScLUg4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VvbX8PitSpg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wwmsy4huZQ0 - DEMO LAB

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=774TbEUUM-A STEEL WOOL DEMO

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

DENSITY LECTURE

DENSITY LECTURE

Essential Question:  What is Density and how is it related to the Mass and the Volume of an object?

Learning Objective:  Density is a property of Matter. Density is calculated by dividing the mass by the volume of an object. 

SWBAT: 

• Calculate the density of some metals and other types of matter
• Perform a lab to demonstrate the concept of density

HMMM...

Look at the two objects in my hand... Can you tell me which one is more dense?  Why? What do you need in order to answer this question?

https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-density-definition-and-calculation-2698950

WHAT IS DENSITY?

           A material's density is defined as its mass divided by its volume. Put another way, density is the ratio between mass and volume or mass per unit volume. It is a measure of how much "stuff" an object has in a unit volume (cubic meter, cubic centimeter or milliliter).

            Density is essentially a measurement of how tightly matter is crammed together. The principle of density was discovered by the Greek scientist Archimedes, and it is easy to calculate if you know the formula and understand its related units.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KMNwXUCXLdk

 

 

DENSITY FORMULA      ρ = Greek letter "Rho"

 To calculate the density (usually represented by the Greek letter "ρ") of an object, take the mass (m) and divide by the volume (v):

                                 

                                                 ρ = m / v      Density = mass/volume

D = m/v

UNITS

The SI unit of density is kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m³). 

Also in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³)

Or g/ml

One cm³ = One ml  BECAUSE they occupy the same volume. 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=028tWJGCSdM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KCjTgC5gCO0

 

WHAT IS THE DENSITY OF WATER?

When you calculate the density of water, you discover that its density is 1.0 gram/ml or 1.0 gram/cm^3.

^{Any object having a density LOWER than the density of water will FLOAT}

^{Any object having a density HIGHER than the density of water will SINK}

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SimFy9wOMXY

HOW DO WE CALCULATE DENSITY?

              In studying density, it can be helpful to work a sample problem using the formula for density, as mentioned in the previous section. Recall that though density is indeed mass divided by volume, it is often measured in units of grams per cubic centimeter because grams represent a standard weight, while cubic centimeters represent the volume of the object.

              For this problem, take a brick of salt measuring 10.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 2.0 cm, which weighs 433 grams. To find the density, use the formula, which helps you determine the amount of mass per unit volume, or:

ρ = m / v

             In this example, you have the dimensions of the object, so you have to calculate the volume. The formula for volume depends on the shape of the object, but it's a simple calculation for a box:

v = length x width x thickness (height)
v = 10.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 2.0 cm
v = 200.0 cm³

Now that you have the mass and volume, calculate the density, as follows:

ρ = m / v
ρ  = 433 g/200.0 cm³
ρ  = 2.165 g/cm³

Thus, the density of the salt brick is 2.165 g/ cm³

WHEN DO WE USE DENSITY?

          One of the most common uses of density is in how different materials interact when mixed together. Wood floats in water because it has a lower density, while an anchor sinks because the metal has a higher density. Helium balloons float because the density of the helium is lower than the density of air.

         When your automotive service station tests various liquids, like transmission fluid, it will pour some of the fluid into a hydrometer. The hydrometer has several calibrated objects, some of which float in the liquid. By observing which of the objects float, the service station employees can determine the density of the liquid. In the case of transmission fluid, this test reveals whether service station employees need to replace it immediately, or whether the fluid still has some life in it.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t9XAiRbL7t4

 

              Density allows you to solve for mass and volume if given the other quantity. Since the density of common substances is known, this calculation is fairly straightforward, in the form. (Note that the asterisk symbol—*—is used to avoid confusion with the variables for volume and density, ρ and v, respectively.)

 The change in density can also be useful in analyzing some situations, such as whenever a chemical conversion is taking place and energy is being released. The charge in a storage battery, for example, is an acidic solution. As the battery discharges electricity, the acid combines with the lead in the battery to form a new chemical, which results in a decrease in the density of the solution. This density can be measured to determine the battery's level of remaining charge.

             Density is a key concept in analyzing how materials interact in fluid mechanics, weather, geology, material sciences, engineering, and other fields of physics. 

USING THE FORMULA TO CALCULATE THE VOLUME OR MASS OF AN OBJECT

Given ρ = m / v, you can calculate the mass or the volume of an object by readjusting the formula

v  ρ = m   (calculating for mass)
m / ρ = v (calculating for volume)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GEwheYZX1-s HAPPY SONG

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LZxXUb9iAZc - SONG

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t3Kb3j5snzk

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7tVebi3TSsg TYLER DEWITT

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tYXaCADxfE TYLER DEWITT - GEOMETRY 

  

CHEMISTRY AS A PHYSICAL SCIENCE

INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

Hello Grizzlies!

Chemistry is the study of matter, its structure and composition. Chemistry studies  how matter interacts with each other and the changes that take place during those interactions.  
Matter is any substance that is made up of atoms, occupies space and has a volume. Is your skin matter? What about the food in your fridge? What about ENERGY coming from the sun? (think carefully about this one)... Air, is air matter? How can you demonstrate that air is matter? Could you design  an experiment to support your opinion?
Volume is the space occupied by matter. Which has a bigger volume: your notebook paper or your pencil? Why?

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: Be ready to answer these questions when we meet online and I randomly select students to answer them. 

• What is Chemistry? What property of water allow insects to walk on water?

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: Be ready to answer these questions when we meet online and I randomly select students to answer them.

• What are the steps of the Scientific Method? How many elements have been isolated? How are elements organized and where?

What is Matter?    
Remember the question about air? Did you plan an experiment to demonstrate that air is matter (or not)? Watch the video.

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: Be ready to answer these questions when we meet online and I randomly select students to answer them.

• Why are the states of matter? Provide two examples for each. Describe the experiment that demonstrated that air IS matter.

When people think of Chemistry, they think about chemicals. So, what is a chemical? Matter, of course! But, is EVERYTHING a chemical? Think.
A chemical is a substance (matter) that has a definite composition which means that such substance will always contain the same number and the same  type of atoms in the same proportion by weight.  
For example, a molecule of water, H₂O will always contain two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen.

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: Be ready to answer these questions when we meet online and I randomly select students to answer them.

• Can you guess the type and number of atoms in a molecule of glucose, C₆H₁₂O₆?   What about H₂O₂?

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: Be ready to answer these questions when we meet online and I randomly select students to answer them.

• What does "organic" mean? What are nutrients? What is "manure" :) ? 
  Can you think of six  types of "inorganic matter"?  What are molecules? 

BRANCHES OF CHEMISTRY 
Chemistry has several branches of research and study. When I was in college, one of  the most difficult classes I took was Organic Chemistry (What does organic mean again?).  The key to succeeding in that class was daily studying and practicing the work. 

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: Be ready to answer these questions when we meet online and I randomly select students to answer them.

• Name and provide a description of the 5 branches of Chemistry.

SCIENCE VERSUS TECHNOLOGY 
Many people think that science and technology are the same thing. The goal of science is the pursuit of knowledge while technology is the application of science.

l

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: Be ready to answer these questions when we meet online and I randomly select students to answer them.

• Provide 3 definitions of "science." What does "science" mean? What are the assumptions we need to make in order to do "science"
• What is "technology"? How can  technology be used to help scientists to do "science"?

THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD

You have been introduced to the Scientific Method in previous science class. This section is a brief review to trigger your memory.  
Progress in science comes as a result of planned investigations that use  specific steps to test ideas and observations by obtaining data that can be used to analyze the results of those tests. Those specific steps are found in the Scientific Method.

 

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: Be ready to answer these questions when we meet online and I randomly select students to answer them.

• What are the steps of the Scientific Method?
• Have you used the scientific method in the past? Give an example.

 

GREAT JOB, GRIZZLIES!  

 

Now, watch the last video, put your dancing shoes on and exercise with "Technology" :) 

 

  

CHEMISTRY AND RESEARCH

 RESEARCH LECTURE

Essential Question:  How do we obtain scientific knowledge and progress?

Learning Objective:  Scientific knowledge and progress is achieved through collaboration, communication, grants, research  and funding within the scientific community. 

SWBAT:

• Define and provide examples of  "scientific phenomenon"
• investigate how scientific progress is a team effort based on research and  supported by grants and funding
• Explore ways scientists share their findings

ASSIGNMENTS:

CK-12 RESEARCH ASSIGNMENT

CK-12: RESEARCH QUIZ

HMMM... BE READY TO PARTICIPATE

• During a Chemistry lecture class, you noticed that students were yawning a lot. You concluded that the reason for so much yawning was because the students were bored. Is this a logical, plausible explanation? Why? Why not?
  • Put your scientific hat on and provide several  possible explanations  for this "cause and effect" example. 
  • What could you do support your "explanation"?

SCIENTIFIC PHENOMENON:

• A phenomenon is an observable event. 
• Phenomenon should drive you to inquire about the causes and effects of your observation. 
•  Phenomenon allow you to draw conclusions (to infer)  that will explain the observation (the phenomenon). Why? How? How often? etc...
• Watch this video. 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OM-LQQr-9Gc

What conclusions can you draw from your observations that will explain this phenomena? Provide specific details.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dm0IcLGQ2HA

         The work of scientists start when a phenomenon is observed.  This observation will drive scientists to conduct scientific research in search for evidence that will provide knowledge about the observation. 

         "Today’s scientists rarely work alone.  Rather, most scientists collaborate with one another as part of a group effort, no matter the setting.  The majority of research scientists work either for a company such as DuPont Chemical Company in Wilmington, Delaware or for one of many universities, such as the California Institute of Technology. 

         Working as part of a group has many advantages.  Most scientific problems are so complex and time-consuming, that one person could not hope to address all of the issues by himself or herself.  Instead, different members of a research group are each tasked with a particular small aspect of a larger research problem.  

       Collaboration between members of the group is frequent.  This occurs informally in the laboratory on an everyday basis.  Research groups typically have regular meetings where one or more members of the group may give a presentation to the others on the status of the research that they are doing.  Progress normally occurs in small steps rather than grand, sweeping discoveries, and that progress is helped along by the teamwork that comes from working as part of a group." CK-12

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jyiv1Lc0dng      NGSS PHENOMENON (Next Generation Science Standards)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3ps3Js-psgo  Scientific Phenomenon - Boozeman

CAN SCIENCE EXPLAIN EVERY OBSERVABLE PHENOMENON? 

PROVIDE A REASON FOR YOUR ANSWER.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ht6nVMwWCAE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wnEtY-YeJcM

 

CK-12: RESEARCH ASSIGNMENT

Grizzlies,

Go to your CK12 class and do the assignment on RESEARCH.

Follow the instructions on presentation to avoid loosing 2 points.

• Copy and paste the assignment I wrote as shown in class IN THE SUBMITTING BOX
• Change the color to red.
• Answer the questions in black BELOW the questions.

PART ONE: READ  

Answer the following questions after reading the "READ." -   3 POINTS

1. How is most scientific research carried out today?
2. How is research usually supported?
3. How do scientists share their findings?

Watch the FOUR videos in the "Read" section and  write down 4 concepts you have learned from it for each video

WRITE COMPLETE SENTENCES  - 8 POINTS

1. • THE THING CALLED SCIENCE PART 2: TESTING, TESTING 1-2-3
2.         1.
3.         2.
4.         3.
5.         4. 
   • A BRIEF HISTORY OF SCIENCE
6.         1.
7.         2.
8.         3.
9.         4. 
   • A SHOT IN THE DARK: ALTERNATIVE USES FOR SQUID INK
10.         1.
11.         2.
12.         3.
13.         4. 

1. • SNOWFLAKE SAFARI
2.         1.
3.         2.
4.         3.
5.         4. 

 

PART TWO: "ADAPTIVE READING"

TAKE THE "ADAPTIVE LEARNING" QUIZ ON CK-12 AND WRITE THE ANSWERS YOU GAVE AS A  SEPARATE ASSIGNMENT IN CANVAS

 

PART THREE:  VIDEO 

Watch the THREE videos in this section and  write down 4 concepts you have learned from it for each video

WRITE COMPLETE SENTENCES  - 6 POINTS

1. • SCIENTIFIC COLLABORATION
2.         1.
3.         2.
4.         3.
5.         4. 
   • THE NOBEL PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY: MOLECULAR MACHINES, EXPLAINED
6.         1.
7.         2.
8.         3.
9.         4. 
   • RESEARCH IN SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
10.         1.
11.         2.
12.         3.
13.         4. 

PART FOUR:  REAL WORLD

Watch the  video in this section and  write down 4 concepts you have learned from it for each video

WRITE COMPLETE SENTENCES  - 2 POINTS

1. • YOU CANNOT PROVE IT!
2.         1.
3.         2.
4.         3.
5.         4. 

       Grizzlies,

Take the Adaptive Practice quiz. .

In order for the quiz responses AND  score to register in CK-12 you need to go all the way to the end and submit the quiz in CK-12.

Make sure you receive your quiz results and data in CK-12. Once you get those results, come to this assignment on Canvas 

• Write down the answers you gave
• Write down how many points out of 10 you received. 

   

Copy and paste this in the submission box.  Then, fill in the required information.

 

ANSWERS:

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. .
8. .
9. .
10. .

YOUR SCORE: 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS

 Essential Question:  In which ways has chemistry contributed to the development of materials?

Learning Objective:  Chemists produce materials for electronics, superconducting, textile, and other applications.

SWBAT:

• Discover how chemistry is used in the development of Kevlar, liquid crystal, semiconductor and synthetic polymer such as nylon.

ASSIGNMENT:  LIQUID CRYSTAL PAPER ASSIGNMENT

HMMMM....

• Look at the materials (stuff) that are around you right now. Which ones do you think required the use of chemistry in order to be produced?
• What does a "rubber tree" and your Chromebook have in common?
• Ever wonder how certain fabrics protect against the bitter cold, keep athletes cool, or stretch with you as you bend? It’s all textile chemistry! How?

Ever wonder how certain fabrics protect against the bitter cold, keep athletes cool, or stretch with you as you bend? It’s all textile chemistry!

        Textile chemistry is a highly specialized field that applies the principles of chemistry to the production of textiles, such as those used in clothing, furniture, tire yarn, air bags, and much more. Textile chemists may create new products to meet specific market needs or modify existing products to become more generally marketable.

        Textile chemistry can be divided into three overlapping areas: dyeing and finishing chemistry, fiber and polymer chemistry, and a newer area that intersects with materials science and involves the blending of different textile materials. In the textile industry, chemists work in research and development, process development, process modification, technical services, environmental testing, and dyeing and finishing operations.

        The study of textile chemistry begins with the knowledge of fibers, both natural and synthetic. Because polymeric synthetic fibers are such an important part of today's textile business, the field includes many chemists who are trained in polymer chemistry. The dyeing and finishing aspects of textile chemistry require an understanding of both organic chemistry and surface chemistry.

        The interaction between textile chemistry and materials science is also increasing. Textile chemistry includes the application of the principles of surface chemistry to processes, such as dyeing and finishing. It also encompasses organic chemistry in the synthesis and formulation of the products used in these processes.

Chemical Finishing- Textile Application Systems

Textile Chemistry

Textile Chemistry

The Chemistry of Natural Dyes - Bytesize Science

PLASTICS: https://www.plasticsmakeitpossible.com/about-plastics/types-of-plastics/what-are-plastics/

• 

        When you watch television, use a computer, ride in a bus, train, or plane, you are using plastics. When you go to the doctor’s office or hospital or shop at the grocery store, you again are relying on plastics.

                                              So where do plastics come from … and just what are they?

         Plastics are derived from materials found in nature, such as natural gas, oil, coal, minerals and plants. The very first plastics were made by nature—did you know that rubber from a RUBBER  TREE is  actually  plastic?RUBBER TREEhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5iTz9yN4v4k

          Interest in making plastics arose in the 1800s to replace scarce materials such as ivory and tortoise shell. The first synthetic plastics were derived from cellulose, a substance found in plants and trees. Cellulose was heated with chemicals and resulted in a new material that was extremely durable.

          The raw materials for today’s plastics come from many places (some even use salt!), but most plastics can be made from the hydrocarbons that are readily available in natural gas, oil and coal.

  From Natural Gas to Plastics

  What are Plastics: the Chemistry

  What are plastics?

            All plastics are composed of carbon atoms connected to one another in a chain-like structure, with mostly or exclusively hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon atoms.   Gasoline, candle wax and plastics all have this same structure; gasoline has about 8 carbon atoms connected together, candle wax about 30 carbon atoms and a plastic on the order of 10,000 carbon atoms.  Plastics, when stretched, will stretch some without breaking but also do not return to their original dimensions when the stretching force is removed.   Some plastics stretch a great deal without breaking, e.g. plastic wrap, while some do not, e.g. plexiglass.  This stretching property is because of the long carbon atom chain. 

  

          Plastics, when stretched, will stretch some without breaking but also do not return to their original dimensions when the stretching force is removed.   Some plastics stretch a great deal without breaking, e.g. plastic wrap, while some do not, e.g. plexiglass.  This stretching property is because of the long carbon atom chain. 

          The chemistry of plastics can be complex, but the basics are straightforward.  Plastics are simply chains of like molecules called monomers linked together. These chains are called polymers. This is why many plastics begin with “poly,” such as polyethylene, polystyrene, and polypropylene. Polymers often are made of carbon and hydrogen and sometimes oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, chlorine, fluorine, phosphorous, or silicon.

  

  

           Although there are many polymers, plastics in general are lightweight with significant degrees of strength. Plastics can be molded, extruded, cast and blown into seemingly limitless shapes and films or foams or even drawn into fibers for textiles. Many types of coatings, sealants and glues are actually plastics, too.

  

Plastics 101 | National Geographic

What really happens to the plastic you throw away - Emma Bryce

Kevlar: Where did it come from? | Stuff of Genius

Watch In Slow-Motion As Kevlar Fibers Are Put To The Test

Grizzlies,

This is a research paper on "liquid crystal." 

• Write a paper on the history, invention, chemistry and applications (uses)  of "liquid crystal." 

PRESENTATION FOR THE PAPER:

• 12 pt font.
• 3 paragraphs minimum. EACH PARAGRAPH SHOULD HAVE AT LEAST 4 LINES
  • • One paragraph for the history of invention
    • Second paragraph for the chemistry of liquid crystal
    • Third paragraph for the uses or applications of liquid crystal

YOU TUBE VIDEO:

• Watch a Youtube video on liquid crystal. Provide the link in your paper
• Write down 4 concepts you've learned from the video

 

CK-12: MATERIALS  ASSIGNMENT

Grizzlies,

Go to your CK12 class and do the assignment on MATERIALS

Follow the instructions on presentation to avoid loosing 2 points.

• Copy and paste the assignment I wrote as shown in class IN THE SUBMITTING BOX
• Change the color to red.
• Answer the questions in black BELOW the questions.

PART ONE: READ  

Answer the following questions after reading the "READ." -   4 POINTS

1. Who developed Kevlar?
2. Where are liquid (Links to an external site.) crystals us
3. What is a superconductor?
4. What are synthetic polymers made from?

Watch the video in the "Read" section and  write down 4 concepts you have learned from it for each video

WRITE COMPLETE SENTENCES  - 2 POINTS

1. • CHEMISTRY LESSON IDEA: PLASTICS AND POLYMERS
2.         1.
3.         2.
4.         3.
5.         4. 

 

PART TWO: ADAPTIVE PRACTICE . This is a graded quiz. Click the link and ollow the instructions on how to complete and submit the quiz.

TAKE THE QUIZ ON CK-12 AND WRITE THE ANSWERS YOU GAVE AS A  SEPARATE ASSIGNMENT IN CANVAS

 

PART THREE:  VIDEO 

Watch the video  "HOW DO THEY MAKE SILICON WAFERS AND COMPUTER CHIPS?"  and  write down 4 concepts you have learned from it. 

WRITE COMPLETE SENTENCES  - 2 POINTS

HOW DO THEY MAKE SILICON WAFERS AND COMPUTER CHIPS?

1.         1.
2.         2.
3.         3.
4.         4. 

PART FOUR: REAL WORLD

Watch the video  THREE videos in this section of CK12  and  write down 4 concepts you have learned for each one of them

WRITE COMPLETE SENTENCES  - 6 POINTS

IT'S A COLORFUL WORLD

1.         1.
2.         2.
3.         3.
4.         4. 

HIP TO BE RARE

1.         1.
2.         2.
3.         3.
4.         4. 

TOO NOISE FOR COMBAT

1.         1.
2.         2.
3.         3.
4.         4. 

Grizzlies,

Take the Adaptive Practice quiz. .

In order for the quiz responses AND  score to register in CK-12 you need to go all the way to the end and submit the quiz in CK-12.

Make sure you receive your quiz results and data in CK-12. Once you get those results, come to this assignment on Canvas 

• Write down the answers you gave
• Write down how many points out of 10 you received. 

   

Copy and paste this in the submission box.  Then, fill in the required information.

 

ANSWERS:

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. .
8. .
9. .
10. .

YOUR SCORE: