LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS
also known as
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER
Essential Question: What is "The Law of Conservation of Mass"?
Learning Objective: "The Law of Conservation of Mass" states that during a chemical reaction , the total mass of the reactants must be equal to the total mass of the product.
SWBAT:
- Learn the basics of the components of a chemical equation
- Explore how during a chemical reaction the mass of the reactants and products must be equal
ASSIGNMENTS:
CHEMICAL EQUATIONS CLASSWORK QUESTIONS
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS QUESTIONS
CK-12: LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS ASSIGNMENT
CK-12: LAW OF CONSERVATION OR MASS QUIZ
HMMM... BE READY TO PARTICIPATE
- Imagine an ice cube melting. Which one will weigh more, the ice cube or the water formed after the ice cube has melted?
- How can you support your idea?
- You are making a nice cup of chocolate with marshmallows... You add the following ingredients:
- 30 grams of powdered chocolate
- 300 ml (grams) of hot milk
- 4 marshmallows each with a mass of 5 grams. The marshmallows will melt on contact with he hot milk.
- What is the final mass of your cup of chocolate (ignore the mass of the cup itself)?
- If you were to write a "chemical reaction" to represent your cup of milk, it would like something like this:
powdered chocolate + hot milk + marshmallows a cup of chocolate
powdered chocolate + hot milk + marshmallows a cup of chocolate
30 grams + 300 ml + 20 grams 350 grams
THESE EXAMPLES ILLUSTRATE THE "LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS"
CLASSWORK QUESTION: 5 MINUTES
- ON A PIECE OF PAPER EXPLAIN THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS USING THE EXAMPLES WE HAVE JUST EXPLORED. YOU WILL NEED TO SUBMIT YOUR ANSWERS ON CANVAS AT THE END OF TODAY.
WEBSITES:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/introchem/chapter/the-law-of-conservation-of-mass/
INTRODUCTION KEY POINTS:
The Law of Conservation of Mass dates from Antoine Lavoisier's 1789 discovery that mass is neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions. In other words, the mass of any one element at the beginning of a reaction will equal the mass of that element at the end of the reaction. If we account for all reactants and products in a chemical reaction, the total mass will be the same at any point in time in any closed system. Lavoisier's finding laid the foundation for modern chemistry and revolutionized science.
There are three types of systems: open, closed and isolated. These systems may or may not allow for matter and/or energy to move in and out of the system. The system is the area of interest and the surrounding is the area outside of it.
QUESTION: Can you think of what happens to matter and energy in an open system? closed system? isolated system?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TFP6SvWPOQc - closed system
The Law of Conservation of Mass holds true because naturally occurring elements are very stable at the conditions found on the surface of the Earth.
Most elements come from fusion reactions found only in stars or supernovae. Therefore, in the everyday world of Earth, from the peak of the highest mountain to the depths of the deepest ocean, atoms are not converted to other elements during chemical reactions. Because of this, individual atoms that make up living and nonliving matter are very old and each atom has a history.
An individual atom of a biologically important element, such as carbon, may have spent 65 million years buried as coal before being burned in a power plant, followed by two decades in Earth's atmosphere before being dissolved in the ocean, and then taken up by an algal cell that was consumed by a copepod before being respired and again entering Earth's atmosphere. The atom itself is neither created nor destroyed but cycles among chemical compounds.
Ecologists can apply the law of conservation of mass to the analysis of elemental cycles by conducting a mass balance. These analyses are as important to the progress of ecology as Lavoisier's findings were to chemistry.
KEY POINTS:
- The Law of Conservation of Mass states that matter is neither created nor destroyed by chemical reactions.
- Matter simply gets transformed into a different form
- During a chemical reaction, the mass of the reactants must be equal to the mass of the products.
- Mass of reactants = Mass of products
- Chemical Reactions are expressed or represented by Chemical Equations
- A chemical equation is the written representation of a chemical reaction.
- Similar to following a recipe. You have your ingredients and you have your final product (apple pie, Asian orange chicken, pasta a la marinara...)
CHEMICAL EQUATIONS
- Chemical equations are visual representations of chemical reactions.
- Chemical equations are like recipes chemists use to create a new product. They provide written instructions that can be followed easily by those who understand the language of chemistry.
- A recipe provides information and directions that can be followed. The end result will be a delicious dish (If the cook followed all the instructions correctly, of course).
- Just like a cook, a chemist must follow a "recipe."
PARTS OF A CHEMICAL EQUATION
VIDEOS ON CHEMICAL EQUATIONS:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VERCurM8q_E
Sodium (Na) reacting with water
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B3422Zk5tj4 Sodium in water reaction
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M0zVlfybWHE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3VoFkQtg6Wo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7CCzRYSyxGU
THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS
also know as
THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER
MATTER (a very basic introduction)
- As discussed in previous lectures, MATTER is anything that has mass and takes up space.
- Matter is made up of invisible particles called atoms.
- Atoms "get together" with other atoms to form bigger pieces of matter called molecules and compounds.
- As molecules and compounds "get together" they form bigger and bigger types of matter that start getting visible to us.
- Matter comes in a variety of shapes, forms and states:
- solid, liquid and gas states being the most well know to us
- Just as with energy, the particles that make up matter do not get destroyed. They get transformed into different types of matter.
- The pizza you ate yesterday, is no longer a pizza. However, the atoms, molecules or compounds that were part of that pizza still exist, just in a different form.
HOW IS MASS or MATTER CONSERVED DURING CHEMICAL REACTIONS?
- The LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS (or matter) states that during a chemical reaction mass does not get destroyed or lost. Mass is conserved.
- Mass cannot be created nor destroyed
- Mass gets transformed from one form to another.
- During a chemical reaction REACTANTS become PRODUCTS. However, the Law of Conservation of Mass states that the mass of the REACTANTS must always be equal to the mass of the PRODUCTS. Mass did not get destroyed or disappeared during the chemical process, it simply got transformed into a different from. HOW?
- During a chemical reaction the chemical bonds in the reactants break apart and the atoms are free to form new bonds with other atoms which eventually form the products.
- COEFFICIENTS in a chemical equation are use to balance the equation to make sure that reactant side has the same type and number of atoms as the product side.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X7ckfeRjjvI
LET'S TAKE A LOOK AT THIS IMAGE AND FIGURE OUT WHAT IT IS ACTUALLY "TELLING YOU"
TAKE NOTES OF THIS DISCUSSION. YOU WILL NEED THEM TO ANSWER THE QUESTIONS ON THE NEXT ASSIGNMENT
QUESTIONS: LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS
- WHAT ELEMENTS (ATOMS) ARE PRESENT IN THE REACTANT SIDE OF THE CHEMICAL EQUATION?
- WHAT ELEMENTS (ATOMS) ARE PRESENT IN THE PRODUCT SIDE OF THE CHEMICAL EQUATION?
- HOW MANY ATOMS OF CARBON ARE IN THE REACTANT SIDE?
- HOW MANY ATOMS OF CARBON ARE IN THE PRODUCT SIDE?
- HOW MANY ATOMS OF OXYGEN ARE IN THE REACTANT SIDE?
- HOW MANY ATOMS OF OXYGEN ARE IN THE PRODUCT SIDE?
- HOW MANY ATOMS OF HYDROGEN ARE IN THE REACTANT SIDE?
- HOW MANY ATOMS OF HYDROGEN ARE IN THE PRODUCT SIDE?
- BASED ON THE INFORMATION BELOW. CALCULATE THE MASS FOR ONE OF THESE ATOMS:
- MASS OF A SINGLE CARBON ATOM:
- MASS OF A SINGLE OXYGEN ATOM:
- MASS OF A SINGLE HYDROGEN ATOM:
VIDEOS ON MATTER AND CONSERVATION OF MASS
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eBTNzScLUg4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VvbX8PitSpg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wwmsy4huZQ0 - DEMO LAB
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=774TbEUUM-A STEEL WOOL DEMO
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