Essential Question: In which ways has chemistry contributed to the development of materials?
Learning Objective: Chemists produce materials for electronics, superconducting, textile, and other applications.
SWBAT:
- Discover how chemistry is used in the development of Kevlar, liquid crystal, semiconductor and synthetic polymer such as nylon.
ASSIGNMENT: LIQUID CRYSTAL PAPER ASSIGNMENT
HMMMM....
- Look at the materials (stuff) that are around you right now. Which ones do you think required the use of chemistry in order to be produced?
- What does a "rubber tree" and your Chromebook have in common?
- Ever wonder how certain fabrics protect against the bitter cold, keep athletes cool, or stretch with you as you bend? It’s all textile chemistry! How?
Textile chemistry is a highly specialized field that applies the principles of chemistry to the production of textiles, such as those used in clothing, furniture, tire yarn, air bags, and much more. Textile chemists may create new products to meet specific market needs or modify existing products to become more generally marketable.
Textile chemistry can be divided into three overlapping areas: dyeing and finishing chemistry, fiber and polymer chemistry, and a newer area that intersects with materials science and involves the blending of different textile materials. In the textile industry, chemists work in research and development, process development, process modification, technical services, environmental testing, and dyeing and finishing operations.
The study of textile chemistry begins with the knowledge of fibers, both natural and synthetic. Because polymeric synthetic fibers are such an important part of today's textile business, the field includes many chemists who are trained in polymer chemistry. The dyeing and finishing aspects of textile chemistry require an understanding of both organic chemistry and surface chemistry.
The interaction between textile chemistry and materials science is also increasing. Textile chemistry includes the application of the principles of surface chemistry to processes, such as dyeing and finishing. It also encompasses organic chemistry in the synthesis and formulation of the products used in these processes.
When you watch television, use a computer, ride in a bus, train, or plane, you are using plastics. When you go to the doctor’s office or hospital or shop at the grocery store, you again are relying on plastics.
So where do plastics come from … and just what are they?
Plastics are derived from materials found in nature, such as natural gas, oil, coal, minerals and plants. The very first plastics were made by nature—did you know that rubber from a RUBBER TREE is actually plastic?RUBBER TREEhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5iTz9yN4v4k
Interest in making plastics arose in the 1800s to replace scarce materials such as ivory and tortoise shell. The first synthetic plastics were derived from cellulose, a substance found in plants and trees. Cellulose was heated with chemicals and resulted in a new material that was extremely durable.
The raw materials for today’s plastics come from many places (some even use salt!), but most plastics can be made from the hydrocarbons that are readily available in natural gas, oil and coal.
What are Plastics: the Chemistry
All plastics are composed of carbon atoms connected to one another in a chain-like structure, with mostly or exclusively hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon atoms. Gasoline, candle wax and plastics all have this same structure; gasoline has about 8 carbon atoms connected together, candle wax about 30 carbon atoms and a plastic on the order of 10,000 carbon atoms. Plastics, when stretched, will stretch some without breaking but also do not return to their original dimensions when the stretching force is removed. Some plastics stretch a great deal without breaking, e.g. plastic wrap, while some do not, e.g. plexiglass. This stretching property is because of the long carbon atom chain.
Plastics, when stretched, will stretch some without breaking but also do not return to their original dimensions when the stretching force is removed. Some plastics stretch a great deal without breaking, e.g. plastic wrap, while some do not, e.g. plexiglass. This stretching property is because of the long carbon atom chain.
The chemistry of plastics can be complex, but the basics are straightforward. Plastics are simply chains of like molecules called monomers linked together. These chains are called polymers. This is why many plastics begin with “poly,” such as polyethylene, polystyrene, and polypropylene. Polymers often are made of carbon and hydrogen and sometimes oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, chlorine, fluorine, phosphorous, or silicon.
Although there are many polymers, plastics in general are lightweight with significant degrees of strength. Plastics can be molded, extruded, cast and blown into seemingly limitless shapes and films or foams or even drawn into fibers for textiles. Many types of coatings, sealants and glues are actually plastics, too.
Grizzlies,
This is a research paper on "liquid crystal."
- Write a paper on the history, invention, chemistry and applications (uses) of "liquid crystal."
PRESENTATION FOR THE PAPER:
- 12 pt font.
- 3 paragraphs minimum. EACH PARAGRAPH SHOULD HAVE AT LEAST 4 LINES
- One paragraph for the history of invention
- Second paragraph for the chemistry of liquid crystal
- Third paragraph for the uses or applications of liquid crystal
YOU TUBE VIDEO:
- Watch a Youtube video on liquid crystal. Provide the link in your paper
- Write down 4 concepts you've learned from the video
CK-12: MATERIALS ASSIGNMENT
Grizzlies,
Go to your CK12 class and do the assignment on MATERIALS
Follow the instructions on presentation to avoid loosing 2 points.
- Copy and paste the assignment I wrote as shown in class IN THE SUBMITTING BOX
- Change the color to red.
- Answer the questions in black BELOW the questions.
PART ONE: READ
Answer the following questions after reading the "READ." - 4 POINTS
- Who developed Kevlar?
- Where are liquid crystals us
- What is a superconductor?
- What are synthetic polymers made from?
Watch the video in the "Read" section and write down 4 concepts you have learned from it for each video
WRITE COMPLETE SENTENCES - 2 POINTS
- CHEMISTRY LESSON IDEA: PLASTICS AND POLYMERS
- 1.
- 2.
- 3.
- 4.
TAKE THE QUIZ ON CK-12 AND WRITE THE ANSWERS YOU GAVE AS A SEPARATE ASSIGNMENT IN CANVAS
PART THREE: VIDEO
Watch the video "HOW DO THEY MAKE SILICON WAFERS AND COMPUTER CHIPS?" and write down 4 concepts you have learned from it.
WRITE COMPLETE SENTENCES - 2 POINTS
HOW DO THEY MAKE SILICON WAFERS AND COMPUTER CHIPS?
- 1.
- 2.
- 3.
- 4.
PART FOUR: REAL WORLD
Watch the video THREE videos in this section of CK12 and write down 4 concepts you have learned for each one of them
WRITE COMPLETE SENTENCES - 6 POINTS
IT'S A COLORFUL WORLD
- 1.
- 2.
- 3.
- 4.
HIP TO BE RARE
- 1.
- 2.
- 3.
- 4.
TOO NOISE FOR COMBAT
- 1.
- 2.
- 3.
- 4.
Grizzlies,
Take the Adaptive Practice quiz. .
In order for the quiz responses AND score to register in CK-12 you need to go all the way to the end and submit the quiz in CK-12.
Make sure you receive your quiz results and data in CK-12. Once you get those results, come to this assignment on Canvas
- Write down the answers you gave
- Write down how many points out of 10 you received.
Copy and paste this in the submission box. Then, fill in the required information.
ANSWERS:
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
YOUR SCORE:
No comments:
Post a Comment